Which of the following is a common effect of Vitamin D deficiency?

Vitamin D plays a crucial role in calcium absorption and bone metabolism. A deficiency in Vitamin D can lead to insufficient calcium levels, which in turn affects the health and density of bones. This situation may result in conditions such as osteomalacia in adults, characterized by weak bones and bone pain, and rickets in children, which causes growth retardation and skeletal deformities. Therefore, the common effect of Vitamin D deficiency is bone loss, making it vital for maintaining strong and healthy bones. The other options, while related to overall health, do not reflect typical outcomes associated with Vitamin D deficiency in the same way.