What is the medical term for the disorder where one or both testicles do not descend into the scrotum properly during embryonic development?

The medical term for the condition where one or both testicles fail to descend into the scrotum during embryonic development is known as cryptorchidism. This condition is significant because it can lead to complications such as infertility, testicular cancer, and increased risk of hernias if not addressed.

During fetal development, the testicles form in the abdomen and typically descend into the scrotal sac before birth. In cryptorchidism, this process fails to occur for one or both testicles, which can be influenced by various factors, including hormonal issues and anatomical variations.

Hypospadias, while related to the genital area, refers to a congenital condition in males where the urethra does not open at the usual location on the penis. Orchitis is an inflammation of the testicles, often due to infections but not related to their position. Testicular torsion involves the twisting of the spermatic cord and is an acute condition that requires immediate attention, but it is not related to testicular descent. Thus, cryptorchidism is the correct term for the condition described in the question.