What is osteoarthritis (OA)?

Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized as a progressive, degenerative joint disease. This condition primarily affects the cartilage, which is the tissue that cushions the ends of the bones in a joint. Over time, the cartilage may wear away, leading to pain, stiffness, and decreased mobility in the affected joints. In some cases, the underlying bone may become more prominent as the cartilage diminishes, and this can contribute to further joint damage and the development of bone spurs.

Understanding the nature of OA as degenerative is crucial; it typically presents slowly over time and is often linked to aging, overuse of joints, and genetic factors. It contrasts with acute conditions, which often arise suddenly and involve more immediate symptoms of inflammation. Examples of acute inflammatory conditions include rheumatoid arthritis, which is an autoimmune disease distinct from OA. By identifying OA specifically as a degenerative joint disease, it highlights the ongoing nature of the condition and the need for management strategies that may involve lifestyle changes, physical therapy, or, in severe cases, surgical intervention.