What are some chronic complications associated with diabetes?

Chronic complications associated with diabetes primarily arise from prolonged exposure to elevated blood glucose levels, which can lead to significant damage to various organs and systems in the body. Option B highlights common complications like coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke, and peripheral vascular disease (PVD), all of which are directly linked to the long-term effects of diabetes.

Diabetes can result in atherosclerosis, where arteries become hardened and narrowed due to plaque buildup, significantly increasing the risk for heart disease and stroke. Additionally, peripheral vascular disease affects blood flow to the limbs, potentially leading to critical conditions such as infections, ulcers, or even gangrene in severe cases. These vascular complications stem from diabetes-induced damage to blood vessels, compromising circulation and overall cardiovascular health.

The other options—rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, allergies, and skin infections—do not have the same direct or established association with diabetes as chronic cardiovascular and vascular complications do. Although individuals with diabetes may experience skin infections due to compromised immune response and poor circulation, these are not classified as chronic complications of the disease in the same manner as CAD, stroke, and PVD. Therefore, the emphasis on cardiovascular and vascular issues as chronic complications makes option B the correct choice.